What are the two categories of cyber threats mentioned?

The correct answer identifies the two categories of cyber threats as targeted and untargeted attacks. Targeted attacks are designed to steal sensitive information or compromise systems by specifically identifying and attacking particular individuals or organizations. These attacks often involve extensive reconnaissance and planning, as the attacker seeks to exploit specific vulnerabilities within their target.

Untargeted attacks, in contrast, are broad-spectrum attacks that do not focus on any particular individual or organization. Instead, they are typically launched at a wide range of potential victims, often leveraging common vulnerabilities or weaknesses in widely used systems. Examples include phishing campaigns or malware distribution that aims to infect as many systems as possible without a specific target in mind.

Understanding these categories is crucial for security practices, as it helps organizations assess their risk exposure and develop appropriate defenses tailored to the nature of the threats they face. This differentiation between targeted and untargeted attacks informs strategies on how to allocate resources, implement security measures, and prepare for potential incidents effectively.